Will Mgo sulfate board react with salt air in coastal environments?

 The short answer is no. In fact, MgO Sulfate Board is considered one of the best high-performance building materials for coastal environments.

 

Unlike its predecessor (Magnesium Chloride board), the Sulfate version is chemically engineered to remain stable and non-reactive even when exposed to salt-laden, humid air.

Here is a detailed breakdown of why it performs so well in coastal areas:

1. It is Non-Hygroscopic (Doesn't "Pull" Moisture)

In coastal regions, the air has high relative humidity and contains microscopic salt particles.

• The Problem with Chloride Boards: Traditional MgO boards (Magnesium Chloride) are hygroscopic. They pull moisture and salt from the air, leading to "sweating" and the leaching of corrosive brine.
• The Sulfate Advantage: MgO Sulfate boards do not have this aggressive attraction to moisture. They stay dry even when the humidity is constantly above 80%, preventing the board from becoming a "sponge" for salt air.

2. Resistance to Salt-Induced Corrosion

The biggest threat in coastal areas is the accelerated rusting of metal fasteners and structural steel.

• No Free Chlorides: Because the board is "Chloride-Free," it does not introduce additional corrosive elements to the building's metal components.
• Protective Barrier: Because the board itself does not react with the salt in the air, it acts as a stable, fireproof shield for the internal framing of the house.

3. Stability Against "Freeze-Thaw" and Heat

Coastal weather often involves rapid changes in temperature and moisture levels.

• Dimensional Stability: MgO Sulfate boards have a very low coefficient of thermal expansion. While wood or PVC siding might warp or buckle in the coastal sun and humid nights, the Sulfate board maintains its shape and keeps the Tongue-and-Groove (T&G) joints tight.

4. Immune to Rot and Mold

Salt air and high humidity are breeding grounds for mold and wood rot.

• Inorganic Nature: MgO boards are mineral-based. They do not provide food for mold or mildew. Even if salt spray sits on the surface, the board will not degrade or rot like plywood or some fiber-cement products that contain high amounts of cellulose (paper/wood fiber).

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Can I apply tiles, wallpaper, or paint directly onto the Mgo board surface?

 you can apply tiles, wallpaper, and paint directly onto MgO sulfate boards, but because the board is mineral-based and alkaline, there are specific "best practices" you must follow to ensure the finish doesn't peel or crack.

1. Painting MgO Sulfate Board

Painting is the most common finish. The key is managing the board's alkalinity and dust.

• Primer is Mandatory: You must use a high-quality, alkali-resistant primer (often labeled for concrete, masonry, or "hot" plaster). Standard drywall primer may fail because the board's high pH can break down the paint bond.
• Surface Prep: Wipe the board with a damp cloth to remove all fine white dust. If the surface is too smooth, a light sanding with fine-grit sandpaper helps the primer "bite."
• Paint Type: Most water-based acrylic or latex paints work perfectly once the primer is cured.

2. Tiling on MgO Sulfate Board

MgO sulfate board is an excellent tile backer because it doesn't swell or rot.

• Side Selection: Many MgO boards have a smooth side and a textured/rough side. For tiling, install the board with the rough side facing out to provide a better mechanical bond for the adhesive.
• Adhesive: Use a polymer-modified thin-set mortar. Do not use organic mastics in wet areas (like showers).
• Waterproofing: In "wet zones" (shower walls), you should still apply a liquid waterproofing membrane (like RedGard) over the MgO board before tiling, just as you would with cement board.

3. Applying Wallpaper

Wallpaper works well, but requires a "sealed" surface to allow for future removal.

• Sealing: You must seal the board with an acrylic-based wallcovering primer/sealer first. Without this, the alkaline nature of the board can dry out the wallpaper paste too quickly or cause it to lose its stickiness.
• Paste: Use a standard heavy-duty clear wallpaper adhesive.

 

Summary Checklist for Finishing

Important Note on Joints: Unlike drywall, MgO boards expand and contract slightly with temperature. Always leave a small 1/8" (3mm) gap between boards and fill it with a flexible filler or reinforced joint compound to prevent the paint or wallpaper from cracking at the seams.

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Does the Mgo sulfate board "sweat" or "weep" in high-humidity environments?

 A high-quality MgO Sulfate Board (Magnesium Sulfate(MgSO4) typically does not sweat or weep, even in high-humidity environments.

This is the primary reason the "Sulfate" version was developed.¹ The "sweating" phenomenon is almost exclusively a failure of the older Magnesium Chloride (MgCl2) boards

Why Chloride Boards "Sweat" (The Failure)

Traditional MgO boards use Magnesium Chloride as a binder. This salt is hygroscopic, meaning it naturally attracts water from the air.

• The Weeping Point: When relative humidity (RH) stays above 84% for a prolonged period, the chloride salts in the board absorb so much moisture that they turn into a liquid brine.
• The Result: Salty, yellowish droplets (the "tears") form on the surface. This liquid is highly corrosive and will quickly rust metal studs and screws.

Why Sulfate Boards are Safe

Sulfate-based MgO boards replace the chloride with Magnesium Sulfate.

• Non-Hygroscopic: Magnesium sulfate does not have the same aggressive attraction to atmospheric moisture.
• Stable Crystal Phase: The chemical bond formed in sulfate boards (often called the 5-1-7 phase) is much more stable in damp conditions.
• Performance: In tests at 95% humidity, sulfate boards absorb significantly less moisture than chloride boards and do not reach the "deliquescence" point where liquid starts to leach out.

 

Key Takeaways for High-Humidity Projects

If you are building in a coastal area, a bathroom, or a basement, the differences are critical:

Feature	MgO Chloride Board	MgO Sulfate Board
High Humidity (>85% RH)	Will Sweat (Weep)	Remains Dry
Corrosion Risk	High (corrodes fasteners)	None
Dimensional Stability	Poor (swells/warps)	Excellent
Cost	Cheaper	More expensive

 

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Mgo SIP PANELS VS OSB SIPS

 The choice between MGO SIP Panels (Magnesium Oxide Structural Insulated Panels) and OSB SIP Panels (Oriented Strand Board Structural Insulated Panels) hinges primarily on performance requirements, particularly regarding fire and moisture. Both are high-performance building systems, but MGO offers superior non-combustibility and water resistance

Comparison Summary

MGO SIPs use Magnesium Oxide board as the exterior sheathing, which is a naturally non-combustible, mineral-based material. OSB SIPs use Oriented Strand Board (a wood composite) which is combustible.

This fundamental difference in sheathing material leads to the core advantages of MGO panels in fire safety, moisture resistance, and indoor air quality. OSB SIPs remain a strong and widely used alternative, typically favored for their lower cost and long-standing availability.

 

Detailed Comparison Table

Feature	MGO SIP Panel	OSB SIP Panel
Sheathing Material	Magnesium Oxide (MGO) Board	Oriented Strand Board (OSB)
Fire Resistance	Superior: Class A1/A Non-Combustible (Zero flame spread, resists fire up to $4$ hours). Does not emit toxic fumes when exposed to fire.	Combustible: Wood-based. Requires chemical treatment for fire rating; emits smoke and fumes when burned.
Moisture Resistance	Excellent: Highly resistant to water, mold, and mildew. Does not warp, swell, or delaminate in high humidity.	Low: Prone to swelling, warping, and deterioration from water exposure; susceptible to mold.
Structural Strength	Very high. Maintains strength and dimensional stability even when wet.	High when dry, but strength can be compromised by moisture absorption.
Toxicity / VOCs	Zero VOCs, Formaldehyde-Free. Considered a "green building material."	Can potentially off-gas formaldehyde from the adhesives used.
Pest Resistance	Highly resistant to insects and termites (mineral-based).	Susceptible to termites and pests (wood-based).
Material Cost	Higher (Premium material).	Lower (More common and affordable).
Availability	Growing in popularity, but less common than OSB.	Widely available and industry-standard.
Weight	Typically heavier than OSB.	Typically lighter than MGO.

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MGO Flexible Sheathing Sheet

 The concept of "MGO Flexible Sheathing Sheet" refers to the thinner, lower-density versions of Magnesium Oxide (MGO) board that exhibit a surprising degree of flexibility compared to traditional, rigid building materials like thicker cement board or plywood.

While MGO board is an inherently cementitious and durable material, manufacturers engineer specific products to be flexible enough for certain applications.

Key Characteristics of Flexible MGO Sheathing

The "flexibility" of MGO sheathing is a relative term. It is achieved through:

1. Reduced Thickness: The flexibility is directly tied to the panel's thickness. MGO sheets in the 3 mm (1/8") to 6 mm (1/4") range are considered flexible, allowing them to bend significantly without breaking.
2. Lower Density: These thinner, more flexible sheets often have a slightly lower density compared to the high-density structural floor panels, contributing to their improved workability.
3. Fiberglass Reinforcement: Like all quality MGO products, these sheets contain multiple layers of high-tensile fiberglass mesh. The mesh is what allows the sheet to bend without fracturing the mineral core, much like rebar in concrete.

Primary Applications

The main purpose of flexible MGO sheathing is to conform to curved or non-planar surfaces, particularly in situations where high fire-resistance is required.

• Curved Walls and Ceilings: The most common use is creating curved architectural features in highly fire-rated environments, such as lobby accents, curved partitions, or dome ceilings.
• Mobile and Modular Construction: The light weight and flexibility make the thinner sheets easy to handle and ideal for use in mobile homes, RVs, and modular structures where minimizing weight is crucial.
• Surface Backing/Underlayment: The thin sheets are often used as a fire-rated substrate for finishes like veneer, decorative laminates, or wallpaper, especially when non-combustibility is a requirement for the assembly.
• Tile Backer: Thin MGO sheets (e.g., ²1/4''or 6 mm) are popular as tile backer board in wet areas due to their excellent moisture and mold resistance.³

Bending Radius (Approximate)

The actual bending radius depends heavily on the specific manufacturer, density, and thickness. For thin, utility-grade MGO sheets 3 mm or 6 mm, the bending capacity can be quite impressive:

• 3 mm (1/8"): Can often be bent to a radius as tight as 1 foot (300 mm) or less for gentle curves.
• 6 mm (1/4"): Can typically be bent to a radius of approximately 2 feet (600 mm) or more

Important Note on Flexibility and Structural Integrity:

It is crucial to understand that MGO's flexibility is generally inversely proportional to its structural rating. The thin, flexible sheets are not typically used as load-bearing or structural sheathing (which requires 1/2'' or thicker panels) but rather as a non-structural fire- and moisture-resistant skin.

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MgO Non-Combustible Structural Floor Panels

 MGO structural floor panels are engineered to be a superior, single-layer replacement for traditional plywood/OSB subflooring, often eliminating the need for a secondary poured gypsum underlayment for fire rating.

Key Features of MGO Structural Floor Panels

These panels are designed specifically to carry loads and meet stringent building codes for floor/ceiling assemblies.

1. Non-Combustibility and Fire Rating

• ASTM E136 Non-Combustible: MGO is inherently non-combustible. It receives a rating of 0 Flame Spread and 0 Smoke Developed Index under ASTM E84 testing, meaning it will not fuel a fire.
• Structural Fire Resistance: When used in an approved assembly (joists, insulation, MGO panel, and ceiling material), these panels are certified to meet 1-hour and 2-hour fire resistance ratings under ASTM E119 / UL 263 protocols. This is a primary benefit over standard wood subfloors.
• Safety Mechanism: MGO contains chemically bonded water molecules. When exposed to high heat, this water is released as steam, which helps cool the surface and slow the spread of fire.

2. Structural Capacity

• Single-Layer Use: Panels, typically 3/4'' (20 mm) thick, are engineered to serve as the single structural subfloor layer, spanning joists up to 24 inches on center (OC).
• Load Bearing: They are rated for robust structural capacity, with some products listing allowable loads of 133 psf (pounds per square foot) at common deflection limits (L/480).
• Dimensional Stability: Unlike OSB or plywood, MGO panels maintain exceptional dimensional stability when exposed to moisture (they won't swell, warp, or delaminate).

3. Edge Profiles

• Tongue & Groove (T&G): This is the most common and desirable profile for subflooring. The interlocking edges eliminate the need for joint blocking, ensure positive alignment, and transfer loads effectively across the floor system.
• Square Edge: Available for applications where joint blocking or a specific assembly dictates a square profile.

4. Environmental & Health Benefits

• Sulfate-Based Formula: High-quality products use a Magnesium Sulfate formulation instead of the older Magnesium Chloride formula. This is critical because the chloride-based formulation can be highly corrosive to metal fasteners and structural components over time.
• Non-Toxic: Free of harmful chemicals like asbestos, crystalline silica, formaldehyde, and VOCs, contributing to better indoor air quality.

 

Typical Specification Summary

Specification	Detail
Typical Thickness	3/4''(Nominal 20 mm)
Standard Size	4' x 8' or 4'x 10'
Fire Rating (Panel)	ASTM E84: Flame Spread 0 / Smoke Developed 0
Fire Rating (Assembly)	ASTM E119 / UL 263: 1-Hour or 2-Hour Floor/Ceiling Assemblies
Max Span Rating	24" On Center (OC)
Recommended Formula	Magnesium Sulfate based (Chloride-free)

 

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Magnesium Oxide (MGO) Board Tongue & Groove (T&G) Exterior Horizontal Siding

 

That is a very specific product configuration: Magnesium Oxide (MGO) Board Tongue & Groove (T&G) Exterior Horizontal Siding.

This product combines the core benefits of MGO board with a popular siding installation profile.

Product Description and Purpose

1. The Core Material: MGO Board

MGO board is a mineral-based cementitious building material composed mainly of Magnesium Oxide (MgO) and Magnesium Sulfate ($\text{MgSO}_4$).

• Key Benefits:
  • Non-Combustible (Class A/A1 Fire-Rated): Provides superior fire safety.
  • Water & Moisture Resistant: Does not swell, warp, or delaminate when exposed to moisture (unlike wood or gypsum).
  • High Strength: Offers excellent impact and flexural strength.
  • Mold/Mildew Resistance: Due to its inorganic nature.
  • Health Safe: Typically free from VOCs, formaldehyde, and asbestos.

2. The Profile: Tongue & Groove (T&G) or Shiplap

The T&G or Shiplap edge profile is engineered for exterior cladding for several functional reasons:

• Hidden Fasteners: The fasteners (screws or nails) are driven through the 'tongue' or 'rabbet' and concealed by the next board's 'groove' or overlap, resulting in a clean, face-fastener-free aesthetic.
• Easy Alignment: The interlocking edges ensure quick, straight, and precise horizontal alignment during installation.
• Weather Protection: The overlapping or interlocking joint helps to shed water away from the wall assembly and prevents wind-driven rain from penetrating the air barrier directly behind the siding.
• Horizontal Siding: Refers to the way the boards are oriented on the wall (parallel to the ground), creating the familiar appearance of traditional clapboard or plank siding

Exterior Application Notes

When MGO board is specifically used as an exterior cladding or siding, it is critical to distinguish between its use as a Structural Sheathing and an Finished Siding Product.

1. MGO T&G as Structural Sheathing (Most Common Use)

In this context, the MGO board is used underneath the final cladding (like stucco, brick, or wood siding).

• Purpose: To provide a non-combustible, moisture-resistant layer that adds structural support and acts as the fire-rated substrate for the entire wall assembly.
• Profile: The T&G or Shiplap edges allow the sheets (often $4' \times 8'$ or $4' \times 10'$) to lock together, providing a better shear wall connection than standard square-edge panels.

MGO T&G as Finished Siding (Aesthetic Cladding)

• Purpose: The MGO board is the visible, final finish of the exterior wall.
• Profile: Typically sold as narrow planks (e.g., 6-inch or 8-inch wide) with a T&G or Nickel Gap profile.
• Finish: For this application, the product must have a specialized, high-performance exterior coating (paint, texture, or wood-grain finish) applied by the manufacturer or the installer to protect the MGO matrix from long-term UV exposure and freeze-thaw cycles.

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